Modhera Sun Temple: The Astronomical Marvel of India

The Magnificent Sun Temple of Modhera

This temple was constructed during the golden era of Mathematics in India. It embodies precise calculations of astronomy and astrology, harmoniously integrated with a profound spiritual journey and the rich traditions and culture of India. The temple stands as a magnificent example of India’s supreme scientific wisdom and architectural brilliance.

The Sun Temple of Modhera, located in the Mehsana district of Gujarat, India, is a magnificent Hindu temple dedicated to Surya, the Sun God. Situated on the banks of the Pushpavati River, this architectural masterpiece was built around 1026–27 CE during the reign of King Bhima I of the Chaulukya dynasty.

Although the temple is no longer used for worship, it stands as a protected monument under the care of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The temple complex comprises three main parts:

Gūḍhamanḍapa – the shrine hall,

Sabhamanḍapa – the assembly hall, and

Kunḍa – the sacred stepwell or reservoir.

The structure is renowned for its intricately carved exteriors, beautifully sculpted pillars, and tiered steps leading down to the reservoir adorned with numerous small shrines.

The remains of the Sun Temples at Modhera dedicated to sun god are relics of times gone by when reverence of the natural elements fire, air, earth, water and sky were at their peak sharing space with myriad manifestations of Vedic gods. The ancient philosophy venerating natural elements and its association with humans was considered the prime force and energy of the life cycle. A walk around the serene temple campus makes you aware of the positively strong aura of energy which the place radiates and through it brings one closer to the environs.

As per Archeological Survey of India Modhera Sun Temple was built in 1026-27 CE during the reign of Bhima I of the Chaulukya dynasty. As you enter the historical complex, you first come across the magnificent kund known as the Suryakund, built in rectangular shape containing 108 shrines to various gods and demi-gods. Check out the three main shrines positioned on the three sides of the kund, dedicated to Ganesh and Vishnu and an image of Lord Shiva dancing the ‘tandav’. 

Travelling & Sightseeing Experience 

As you traverses the length and breadth of Gujarat, you constantly stumbles across architectural legacies of the 'Solanki' rule. You keep coming across living spaces and monuments of another time, offering an eclectic glimpse of the artistic and ingenious beauty that makes this exotically state vibrant.

A soothing drive amidst green farmlands almost 25 km away from Mehsana on the way to the temples of goddess Bahucharaji reposes the village of Modhera. 

Walk up the steps to the ‘Sabha Mandap’ or the assembly and convene with sculpted renderings of twelve ‘Adityas’ (another name for the sun god). The twelve representations carved on the pillars represent the sun according to the twelve months.

The nearest towns are Mehsana and Patan, while the major cities Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar are approximately 103 kilometres away. 

The site is well-connected by road, and railway stations are available in nearby towns. 

Accommodation and dining options can be found in Mehsana, Patan, and Ahmedabad. 

The nearest international airport is located in Ahmedabad, making Modhera easily accessible to visitors.

For more information contact Gujarat Tourism Office.